Astana is an important industry and cultural center of the republic, also railway auto-transport junction.

In 1824 it was founded as the military locality, in 1868 it had got the status of the town, and in 50s of XX century it was an important center of development of virgin and disused lands in the north of the country.

The industry of the town is represented by agri-mechanical engineering, food industry, refining of the agricultural raw material, and transport.

Earlier it was the fortification founded by the Russian Kazak troops in 1830 on the bank of the Ishim river in Karaotkel natural boundary.

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